Tropical glacier reconstructions during the Last Glacial Maximum in Costa Rica

Numerous high elevation tropical mountains around the world show evidence of past glacial activity during Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Cerro Chirripó in Costa Rica exhibits paleoglacial landforms such as cirques, moraine deposits and polished striated bedrock surfaces. We used aerial imagery (1:25000) contour lines to develop a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for LGM. determined paleo-equilibrium line altitudes (paleo-ELAs) using Area-Altitude Balance Ratio (AABR) LGM Rica. Additionally, Generalized Linear (GLM) was performed statistically analyze paleoglacier volumes ice thickness combined with ten land surface parameters (LSP). Our results identified thirty-one paleoglaciers covering an area 28.26 km2 global LGM, maximum 178 meters Chirripó, total volume 13863 × 105 m3 mean paleo-ELA 3490 meters. In addition, Area Slope were LSP highest statistical correlation explain volumes, while Diurnal Anisotropic Heating best thickness. As one first studies mountain environments, this work expands geographic scope glacier reconstructions expansion